Low Earth Orbit (Leo)

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) in this alternate universe refers to a specific band of space just outside Earth's atmosphere where spacecraft are forced to slow down and maintain a "parking orbit" due to high radiation and gravitational forces.

Characteristics of Low Earth Orbit

The LEO band in this timeline is perilous and filled with hazards that can endanger spacecraft and their crews. Intense levels of radiation and gravitational forces, as well as debris left from previous space missions, make the navigation of this area fraught with danger. Radiation belts, such as the Van Allen belts, amplify the radiation levels immensely around the LEO band, requiring extensive protective measures for both crew and electronic equipment.

Spacecraft and Debris in Low Earth Orbit

LEO is littered with derelict spacecraft and space debris from decades of space exploration and satellite launches. Abandoned satellites, remnants of rocket stages, and fragments of spacecraft that have shattered in flight all create a risky environment in this part of space. Collisions with space debris can cause significant damage to satellites and crewed spacecraft and pose a significant risk to those traveling in or through LEO.

Efforts to Mitigate Hazards in Low Earth Orbit

International space agencies and private companies work to clear LEO from debris and to create safer paths for spacecraft to travel and maintain their orbits. Active spacecraft are required to deorbit or move into a higher orbit at the end of their lifespan, reducing the possibility for collisions with other spacecraft. Space junk cleanup missions are also undertaken regularly in an attempt to remove the most dangerous debris from LEO. However, these efforts are not always successful, as the accumulation of space debris is outpacing removal efforts.

Impact on Space Travel and Commerce

The perilous nature of LEO in this alternate timeline has a significant impact on space travel and commerce. Crewed missions require extra precautions and protective measures to safely navigate the area, and spacecraft must be specifically designed to withstand the intense radiation levels present there. Additionally, satellite launches and operations in LEO are made more expensive and risky due to the greater potential for collisions with space debris. As a result, the hazards of LEO in this alternate timeline have significant impacts on the cost and feasibility of space exploration and commerce.