| Legacy | Past abuses of power |
| System | Set of executive powers |
| Purpose | To respond to national crises |
| Countries | United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, France, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Brazil, India |
| Granted by | National governments |
| Ongoing debate | Continuous scrutiny and discourse |
| Preventing abuses | Civil liberties and oversight |
| Unique approaches | Varying implementations |
